Hammood Alowaidi KH, Ghobadi S, Al-bakri JKA, Sharifi Renani H. Analysis of the Impact of Industrial Exposure and Exogenous Shocks on Countries’ Innovation Index Using the Bartik Instrument. JMBS. Published online January 1, 2026:1-12. Accessed December 11, 2025. https://www.journalmbs.com/index.php/jmbs/article/view/87